A systematic review of applied single-case research published between 2016 and 2018: Study designs, randomization,...

Area of Science:

• Educational science
• Psychology
• Behavioral research

Background:

• Single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) are increasingly utilized across disciplines.
• Guidelines for SCED conduct and analysis have been developed.
• Understanding current practices is crucial for methodological advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent practices in SCED conduct and analysis.
• To identify frequently used SCED designs and data analysis methods.
• To assess the prevalence of randomization in applied SCEDs.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of applied SCEDs published between 2016 and 2018.
• Analysis of 423 studies to determine design frequency, data aspects analyzed, and analytical methods.
• Examination of randomization inclusion in study designs.

Main Results:

• The multiple baseline design remains the most prevalent SCED methodology.
• Difference in central tendency level is the most common metric for effect evaluation.
• Visual analysis combined with descriptive statistics is the primary data analysis approach.
• Inferential statistics and randomization are not infrequently employed.

Conclusions:

• Current SCED practices align with earlier trends, favoring specific designs and analysis methods.
• While visual analysis dominates, inferential statistics and randomization are present, indicating methodological diversity.
• Future research should focus on further developing SCED methodology, potentially integrating more advanced analytical techniques.