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Related Experiment Videos

Small for dates: evaluation of different diagnostic methods.

R Horacio Fescina1, M Martell, G Martinez

  • 1Latin American Center of Perinatology and Human Development (CLAP), Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization.

Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
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Abdominal perimeter (AbP) measurements are highly sensitive for diagnosing small-for-date neonates. Fetal cranial measurements aid in differentiating between symmetrical and asymmetrical growth restrictions, with earlier detection in symmetrical cases.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Neonatal Diagnostics

Background:

  • High-risk pregnancies require accurate monitoring for fetal growth.
  • Small-for-date (SFD) neonates face increased health risks.
  • Differentiating between symmetrical and asymmetrical SFD is clinically important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of various fetal biometry measurements for identifying small-for-date neonates.
  • To assess the utility of these measurements in distinguishing between symmetrical and asymmetrical SFD.
  • To determine the sensitivity and specificity of uterine height, biparietal diameter (BPD), cranial perimeter (CrP), abdominal perimeter (AbP), and amniotic fluid volume (AFV) in high-risk pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, longitudinal study of 94 high-risk pregnancies.

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  • Weekly measurements of uterine height, BPD, CrP, and AbP.
  • Assessment of amniotic fluid volume (AFV).
  • Classification of neonates as appropriate for gestational age or small-for-date (symmetrical and asymmetrical).

    • Main Results:

    • Abdominal perimeter (AbP) demonstrated the highest sensitivity (94%) for diagnosing SFD neonates.
    • Fetal cranial measurements (BPD and CrP) showed different patterns in symmetrical versus asymmetrical SFD.
    • Sensitivity for symmetrical SFD was highest for AbP (100%) and BPD (94%).
    • Sensitivity for asymmetrical SFD was highest for AbP (90%).
    • Specificity for all measured variables ranged from 91% to 100%.

    Conclusions:

    • Abdominal perimeter (AbP) is a highly sensitive indicator for detecting small-for-date neonates.
    • Fetal cranial measurements are valuable for differential diagnosis between symmetrical and asymmetrical growth restriction.
    • Early diagnosis of SFD was more common in the symmetrical group.