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Pediatric delirium: epidemiology and outcomes
Elana J Siegel1, Chani Traube2
1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.
Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|October 26, 2020
Summary
Pediatric delirium, a common issue in critically ill children, is linked to worse outcomes. Early screening and interventions like mobilization can reduce its prevalence, improving child health.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Child neurology
- Intensive care unit (ICU) management
Background:
- Delirium is a common complication in children with serious medical conditions.
- Pediatric delirium is associated with significant adverse outcomes, including prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality.
- The long-term effects of pediatric delirium on cognitive function and quality of life are a growing concern.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent epidemiological data on pediatric delirium.
- To discuss the outcomes associated with pediatric delirium.
- To explore current prevention strategies for pediatric delirium.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes recent literature on pediatric delirium.
- Data on epidemiology, outcomes, and prevention are analyzed.
- Focus is on critically ill children in the intensive care unit setting.
Main Results:
- Delirium affects over 25% of children in the pediatric ICU.
- Pediatric delirium is linked to longer mechanical ventilation, extended hospital stays, higher costs, and increased mortality.
- Initiatives such as universal screening, early mobilization, and reduced benzodiazepine use have shown success in lowering delirium rates.
Conclusions:
- Universal screening for delirium in critically ill children is essential for early detection and management.
- Identifying and addressing modifiable risk factors offers a pathway for effective delirium prevention.
- Further large-scale longitudinal studies are required to understand the long-term consequences of pediatric delirium.
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