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Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

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Published on: July 21, 2020

Validation of the Binocular Vision Dysfunction Questionnaire (BVDQ).

Debby L Feinberg¹, Mark S Rosner^1,2, Arthur J Rosner³

¹NeuroVisual Medicine Institute, Bloomfield Hills.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

|October 26, 2020

Summary

A new questionnaire effectively identifies vertical heterophoria (VH), a common cause of dizziness, by reliably screening for this binocular vision dysfunction. This tool aids in differentiating VH from vestibular issues, improving patient diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuroscience
Psychometrics

Background:

Dizziness is a common complaint, often linked to visual dysfunction like vertical heterophoria (VH).
Current screening tools inadequately capture the complex symptoms of VH, including dizziness, nausea, and headaches.
Differentiating VH from vestibular disorders is crucial, as treatments differ significantly.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a measurement tool, the Binocular Vision Dysfunction Questionnaire (BVDQ), for identifying VH in dizzy patients.
To assist otologists and other clinicians in recognizing VH as a potential cause of dizziness.

Main Methods:

A retrospective case series of 126 patients diagnosed with VH was conducted.
The study involved a psychometric evaluation of the BVDQ, assessing internal consistency and test-retest reliability.
Validity was determined through correlations with visual analog scales and established instruments for headache, dizziness, and anxiety.

Main Results:

The BVDQ demonstrated excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91) and high test-retest reliability.
Statistical analyses confirmed sound convergent and content validity.
Changes in BVDQ scores correlated with perceived changes in symptom burden following treatment.

Conclusions:

The BVDQ is a valid and reliable screening tool for identifying VH in patients experiencing dizziness.
This questionnaire can aid otologists in diagnosing VH and differentiating it from vestibular conditions.
The BVDQ may also be valuable for monitoring treatment effectiveness and identifying diverse symptoms associated with binocular vision dysfunction.