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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Stem Cell Transplantation Strategies for the Restoration of Cognitive Dysfunction Caused by Cranial Radiotherapy
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Stem Cell Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease.

Fabin Han1,2, Jianzhong Bi3, Liyan Qiao4

  • 1The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Shandong, China. fhan2013@126.com.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|October 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Stem cell therapy offers a promising avenue for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative condition marked by amyloid plaques. Research explores various stem cell types, including induced pluripotent stem cells, for potential AD treatment strategies.

Keywords:
APP/PS1 transgenic mouseAlzheimer’s disease (AD)Amyloid-beta plaque (Aβ plaque)Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cell)Neurogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases
  • Stem cell biology
  • Alzheimer's disease research

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.
  • Current treatments for AD, including cholinesterase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, show limited efficacy in improving cognitive function.
  • There is a critical need for novel therapeutic approaches to address the cognitive and memory impairments in AD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular pathogenesis and animal models of Alzheimer's disease.
  • To evaluate current treatment strategies, including small molecules and immunoglobulins.
  • To focus on the potential of stem cell therapy as a powerful tool for treating AD.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of advancements in molecular pathogenesis and animal models of AD.
  • Review of therapeutic approaches using small molecules and immunoglobulins.
  • Exploration of various stem cell sources for AD treatment: neural stem cells (NSCs), embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Main Results:

  • Current AD treatments have not effectively restored cognitive or memory functions.
  • Stem cell therapy, utilizing NSCs, ESCs, and MSCs, presents a promising therapeutic strategy for AD.
  • Patient-specific-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) are highlighted as a future prospective approach.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell therapy holds significant potential for treating Alzheimer's disease.
  • Further research into stem cell sources, particularly iPS cells, is crucial for advancing AD treatment.
  • Addressing the challenges associated with stem cell therapy is essential for its clinical application in AD.