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Reassessing Sarcopenia in Hypertension: STAR and ACE Inhibitors Excel.

Ayşe Merve Ata1, Murat Kara2, Timur Ekiz3

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Hypertension is linked to higher rates of sarcopenia in older adults. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors show a protective effect against sarcopenia in hypertensive patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Hypertension and sarcopenia are prevalent conditions in the aging population.
  • The renin-angiotensin system's role in sarcopenia is an area of ongoing research.
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are a key therapeutic class for hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of sarcopenia in older adults with hypertension.
  • To investigate the association between ACE inhibitor use and sarcopenia in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • 272 community-dwelling older adults were assessed.
  • Muscle mass was evaluated using anterior thigh ultrasound (sonographic thigh adjustment ratio - STAR).
  • Muscle function was measured via handgrip strength, gait speed, and chair stand tests.

Main Results:

  • Sarcopenia was significantly more common in hypertensive (32.2%) versus normotensive (7.8%) individuals.
  • Among hypertensive patients, sarcopenia prevalence was lower with ACE inhibitors (8.7%) compared to ARBs (48.7%) or other antihypertensives (46.4%).
  • Hypertension was an independent predictor of sarcopenia (OR=6.5).

Conclusions:

  • Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older adults with hypertension.
  • ACE inhibitors appear to have beneficial effects on both hypertension and sarcopenia.