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Towards isolated attosecond electron bunches using ultrashort-pulse laser-solid interactions.

Jinpu Lin1, Thomas Batson2, John Nees2

  • 1Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. linjinp@umich.edu.

Scientific Reports
|October 28, 2020
PubMed
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We generated MeV-level attosecond electron bunches using ultrashort laser pulses interacting with plasma. Simulations revealed ultra-thin energy gaps and directional electron distributions are key to creating these ultra-fast electron bunches.

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Laser-Plasma Interactions
  • Ultrafast Electron Dynamics

Background:

  • Investigating the generation of high-energy, ultrashort electron bunches is crucial for applications in particle acceleration and advanced imaging.
  • Understanding the complex dynamics of laser-solid interactions at the subwavelength scale is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally and computationally investigate the formation of MeV-level attosecond electron bunches from ultrashort laser pulses interacting with overdense plasmas.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the attosecond duration and bunching of these electron bunches.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurements of electron energy spectra and bunch characteristics.
  • Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to model laser-solid interactions and analyze electron dynamics.

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  • Simulations using 1-cycle laser pulses to isolate single electron bunches and study carrier-envelope phase effects.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental observations align with PIC simulations, confirming the generation of MeV-level attosecond electron bunches.
    • Attosecond bunch duration is attributed to ultra-thin (sub-tenth micron) gaps in modulated reflected radiation.
    • Electron bunching results from a highly directional electron angular distribution acquired during grazing incidence interaction.

    Conclusions:

    • Specular reflection direction favors the observation of attosecond electron bunches when focusing lasers onto subwavelength plasma boundaries at grazing incidence.
    • Electron bunch duration can be reduced by increasing laser intensity and focal spot size.
    • The direction of the electron bunch can be controlled by tuning the preplasma density gradient.