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|October 28, 2020
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Aging decreases reduced glutathione (GSH) and increases free radicals (FRs), disrupting cellular redox homeostasis. Electrophilic maleimides like 3,5-DMB exacerbate FR levels, highlighting age-related molecular changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Reduced glutathione (GSH) is vital for cellular protection against oxidative stress and maintaining redox balance.
  • N-aryl maleimides react with GSH, depleting cellular GSH and increasing free radicals (FRs), thus disrupting redox homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify GSH and FR concentrations in rat tissues ex vivo using electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR).
  • To investigate the impact of aging and 3,5-dimaleimylbenzoic acid (3,5-DMB) treatment on GSH and FR levels in rat brain and liver.

Main Methods:

  • Ex vivo measurement of GSH and FR concentrations using electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR).
  • Analysis of brain and liver tissues from male Wistar rats of different ages.
  • Assessment of the effects of 3,5-DMB, an electrophilic maleimide, on GSH and FR levels.

Main Results:

  • A significant relationship was observed between age and GSH/FR concentrations.
  • Young rats exhibited higher GSH levels compared to old rats.
  • Adult rats showed higher FR levels than young rats, indicating an inverse correlation between GSH and FRs.
  • Treatment with 3,5-DMB increased FR content by reacting with cellular GSH.

Conclusions:

  • Aging is associated with altered cellular molecular content, including decreased GSH and increased FRs.
  • The study underscores the disruption of redox homeostasis during aging.
  • Electrophilic maleimides can exacerbate oxidative stress by depleting GSH and increasing FRs.