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Cognitive control beliefs and cognitive functioning in mid- to late-life
Tarah L Raldiris1, Elliottnell Perez1, Emily K Donovan1
1Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
The British Journal of Developmental Psychology
|October 28, 2020
Summary
Older adults with stronger cognitive control beliefs experience less age-related decline in executive functioning. These beliefs may buffer the impact of aging on cognitive abilities, suggesting a potential avenue for intervention.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive psychology
- Neuroscience of aging
- Gerontology
Background:
- Aging is associated with cognitive decline, often perceived as uncontrollable by older adults.
- Recent research suggests a link between control beliefs and reduced age-related cognitive decline.
- Understanding cognitive control beliefs is crucial for addressing cognitive aging.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate cognitive domain-specific control beliefs in a nationwide sample of adults.
- Examine the relationship between cognitive control beliefs and cognitive functioning.
- Explore whether cognitive control beliefs moderate the age-cognition relationship.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the national Midlife in the United States study (MIDUS II).
- Assessed cognitive functioning using the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT).
- Measured cognitive control beliefs with the Personality in Intellectual Aging Contexts (PIC) Inventory Control Scales.
Main Results:
- Higher cognitive control beliefs were associated with better overall cognitive functioning.
- Cognitive control beliefs moderated the relationship between age and executive functioning.
- No moderation effect was found for the association between age and episodic memory.
Conclusions:
- The relationship between aging and executive functioning is weaker for individuals with higher cognitive control beliefs.
- Future research should explore causality and investigate these associations in at-risk populations.
- Cognitive control beliefs may play a protective role against age-related executive function decline.
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