Anti-inflammatory activity of glycolipids isolated from cyanobacterium Nodularia harveyana

Activity-guided fractionations from the freshwater cyanobacterium Nodularia harveyana led to the isolation of two monogalactosyldiacylglycerols (MGDG), two digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG), two monoglucosyldiacylglycerols (MGlcDG) and 1-(O-hexose)-3,25-hexacosanediol (HG). Structures were elucidated by a combination of 1D and 2D NMR analysis, HRMS and GC-MS. The potential for inhibition against TNF-α and NF-κB production of these seven compounds was tested in THP-1 cells. All compounds showed activity, but compound 7 showed higher inhibitory activity of TNF-α and NF-κB, with IC₅₀ of 4.88 ± 0.13 and 3.64 ± 0.45 μM, respectively.