A molecular dynamics and docking study to screen anti-cancer compounds targeting mutated p53

Hetal Damani Shah1, Dhananjaya Saranath2, Vinuthaa Murthy3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India.

Insights

Researchers designed small drug molecules targeting mutated p53 protein, common in many cancers. Ten compounds showed preferential binding to mutant p53, with potential for new cancer therapies and reduced side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • The p53 tumor suppressor gene is frequently mutated in over 50% of human cancers, leading to loss of function.
  • Mutations often occur in the DNA-binding domain, resulting in dysfunctional p53 protein accumulation.
  • Targeting mutated p53 is a critical strategy for developing novel cancer therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rationally design potent, pharmacologically active small drug-like compounds targeting mutated p53 using an in silico approach.
  • To identify novel drug candidates with preferential binding to common p53 mutants.
  • To evaluate the potential of these compounds as single agents or in combination therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on wild-type p53 and mutants R175H and R248Q.
  • Pharmacophore models were generated using Phase, and a sitemap pocket was used for virtual screening.
  • The Maybridge HitFinder library was screened using Schrodinger Suite to identify potential binders.

Main Results:

  • Ten compounds (Cmpd-1 to Cmpd-10) were identified with preferential binding to mutated p53.
  • All identified compounds met ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity) rules for pharmacokinetic profiles.
  • Compounds Cmpd-4 and Cmpd-8 showed binding at cysteine 124, similar to the known mutant p53 reactivating agent APR-246.

Conclusions:

  • The identified small molecules are promising drug candidates for targeting mutated p53.
  • These compounds could serve as single agents or in combination with cytotoxic drugs to reduce adverse effects.
  • This study highlights the potential of in silico drug design for developing targeted cancer therapies.