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Afferent pathways for the cough reflex.

G Sant'Ambrogio1

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.

Bulletin Europeen De Physiopathologie Respiratoire
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
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Coughing involves reflex stimulation of respiratory tract receptors, primarily in the larynx and trachea. Both rapidly adapting and C-fibre receptors likely contribute to this cough reflex.

Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Receptors

Background:

  • Cough is a vital protective reflex originating from neural stimulation within the respiratory tract.
  • Key tussigenic zones are identified in the larynx and the bifurcation of the trachea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the specific nervous receptors involved in initiating and mediating the cough reflex.
  • To differentiate the roles of various receptor types in different regions of the respiratory tract.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on respiratory tract innervation and cough reflex mechanisms.
  • Analysis of receptor activation by tussigenic stimuli and chemical agents.
  • Comparison of cough responses across different animal models and conditions.

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Main Results:

  • Rapidly adapting receptors in the larynx and tracheobronchial tree are primary responders to tussigenic stimuli.
  • Evidence suggests laryngeal and bronchial C-fibre receptors also play a significant role in cough.
  • Certain stimuli like low chloride aerosols and capsaicin activate specific receptors implicated in coughing.

Conclusions:

  • Cough reflex involves a complex interplay of rapidly adapting and C-fibre receptors in the larynx and airways.
  • While rapidly adapting receptors are crucial, C-fibre involvement is increasingly recognized, particularly in response to chemical stimuli.
  • Further research is needed to fully delineate the contribution of each receptor type to the cough reflex.