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Mediators and mucociliary clearance in asthma.

D Pavia¹, M T Lopez-Vidriero, S W Clarke

¹Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, England, UK.

Bulletin Europeen De Physiopathologie Respiratoire

|January 1, 1987

Summary

Asthma reduces lung mucociliary clearance, especially during sleep, worsening symptoms. While some mediators impair clearance, certain asthma medications may improve it.

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Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Respiratory Physiology

Background:

Lung mucociliary clearance is impaired in asthma patients, even in remission.
Nocturnal asthma may be linked to reduced mucous clearance during sleep.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of anaphylaxis mediators on mucociliary clearance components (cilia and mucus).
To evaluate the impact of pharmacological agents on mucociliary transport in asthma.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on anaphylaxis mediators and their effects on cilia and mucus.
Analysis of studies on pharmacological agents used in asthma treatment and their impact on mucociliary clearance.

Main Results:

Anaphylaxis mediators have complex, often opposing, effects on cilia and mucus.
Leukotrienes C4/D4 and histamine influence mucus secretion and water flux.
Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) reduces mucus transport, while histamine enhances it.
Asthma sputum can inhibit ciliary function, contrasting with allergen-induced ciliostimulation.
The net effect of anaphylaxis mediators appears to impair overall mucus clearance.

Conclusions:

Chemical mediators in anaphylaxis collectively impair lung mucociliary clearance.
Some asthma medications offer the beneficial side effect of stimulating mucociliary transport.

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