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The Sterile Insect Technique: Success and Perspectives in the Neotropics.

D Pérez-Staples1, F Díaz-Fleischer2, P Montoya3

  • 1INBIOTECA, Univ Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. diperez@uv.mx.

Neotropical Entomology
|October 28, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The sterile insect technique (SIT) offers eco-friendly pest control by releasing sterile males to prevent insect reproduction. This review highlights successful SIT programs in the Neotropics and discusses future applications, emphasizing its importance for biodiversity.

Keywords:
Area-wide managementDipteraTephritidaeautocidal controlpests

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Area of Science:

  • Entomology
  • Integrated Pest Management
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • The sterile insect technique (SIT) is an environmentally friendly pest control method used in area-wide integrated pest management.
  • SIT involves mass-rearing, sterilizing, and releasing insects; sterile males then mate with wild females, leading to no offspring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application and effectiveness of SIT in the Neotropics.
  • To highlight successful eradication and control programs against key pests.
  • To discuss limitations, innovations, complementary techniques, and future prospects for SIT, including climate change impacts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and case studies on SIT implementation in the Neotropics.
  • Analysis of successful eradication programs for specific insect pests.
  • Examination of factors influencing SIT efficacy and potential innovations.

Main Results:

  • Successful eradication of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) and effective control of Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens), New World screwworm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax), and Cactus moth (Cactoblastis cactorum) using SIT.
  • Identification of innovations enhancing SIT efficiency and complementary control strategies.
  • Consideration of potential candidate species and the impact of climate change on SIT effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • SIT is a viable and environmentally sound pest control strategy in the Neotropics.
  • Continued investment in SIT is crucial for biodiversity conservation, especially given insect declines.
  • Promoting SIT in the region requires leadership and political commitment for sustained success.