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Striosomes Mediate Value-Based Learning Vulnerable in Age and a Huntington's Disease Model.

Alexander Friedman¹, Emily Hueske¹, Sabrina M Drammis¹

¹McGovern Institute for Brain Research and Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

|October 28, 2020

Summary

The striosome compartment of the striatum is critical for learning to distinguish between favorable and unfavorable choices. This brain region

Keywords:

VGluT1 approach-avoidance corticostriatal cost-benefit decision-making excitation-inhibition balance motivation parvalbumin interneurons subjective value utility

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Immunohistochemical Visualization of Hippocampal Neuron Activity After Spatial Learning in a Mouse Model of Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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Published on: May 12, 2015

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Behavioral Science
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

Valence-based learning, essential for survival, involves judging the relative value of options.
The striatum, a key brain structure, plays a role in reward-based learning and decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of striosomal and matrix compartments of the striatum in valence-based learning.
To explore the neural mechanisms underlying discrimination learning and task engagement.

Main Methods:

Utilizing engineered mice and calcium imaging to monitor neural activity during learning tasks.
Employing chemogenetics to manipulate neuronal activity and computational modeling to analyze circuit function.

Main Results:

Striosomal, but not matrix, striatal activity selectively correlated with valence-based learning and task engagement.
Striosomal function was impaired with aging and in a Huntington's disease mouse model.
Enhanced connectivity of fast-spiking interneurons (FSIs) to projection neurons within striosomes was observed in learning mice.

Conclusions:

The striosome compartment is critical for learning to differentiate between favorable and unfavorable options.
FSIs within striosomes may modulate signal-to-noise ratio, facilitating discrimination and learning.
Dysfunction in striosomal circuits contributes to learning deficits in aging and Huntington's disease.