Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

4.4K
The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
4.4K
Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

1.3K
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
1.3K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

6.6K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
6.6K
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses02:45

Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses

41.0K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
41.0K
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

241
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
241
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

4.5K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The CRUMB study: closed-loop response to unannounced mixed and carbohydrates-rich breakfasts. A randomized controlled crossover pilot-study in a cohort of adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Endocrine·2026
Same author

Serum uric acid to creatinine ratio as marker of early vascular damage and renal tubular injury in non-albuminuric diabetic kidney disease.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2026
Same author

Can Artificial Intelligence Transform Early Warning for Antimicrobial-Resistant Outbreak Clones? Approaches, Gaps, and Opportunities: A Scoping Review.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Storytelling in Motion: Effects of a Narrative-Based Outdoor Motor Intervention on Motor Competence and Inhibitory Control in Preschool Children-A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Diabetic gastroparesis: pathophysiology and impact on insulin timing choices.

Endocrine·2026
Same author

Validation of the Italian version of the hypoparathyroidism patient questionnaire-28 (HPQ-28): a multicenter study.

Journal of endocrinological investigation·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
06:39

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

Published on: June 13, 2025

313

Thyroid Cancer and Circadian Clock Disruption.

Roberta Malaguarnera1, Caterina Ledda2, Agnese Filippello3

  • 1School of Human and Social Sciences, "Kore" University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy.

Cancers
|October 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Thyroid cancer (TC) risk may increase due to disruptions in the body's internal clock. This review explores how circadian clock dysfunction and insulin resistance may contribute to TC development and progression.

Keywords:
circadian misalignmentclock genesinsulin resistancemachineryoccupational and environmental factorssleep disturbancesthyroid cancer

More Related Videos

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

8.6K
In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings
06:39

Through-the-Wall Blood Sampling Method to Minimize Sleep Disruption in Clinical Settings

Published on: June 13, 2025

313
Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

8.6K
In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with rising incidence linked to diagnostics and environmental factors.
  • Modifiable risk factors, including insulin resistance and circadian clock disruption, are increasingly implicated in TC development.
  • Circadian clock machinery, involving rhythmically expressed genes, regulates biological rhythms; its perturbation is linked to pathological states like cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms controlling circadian clock function and its role in cell cycle, stemness, and cancer.
  • To discuss evidence linking circadian clock disruption to thyroid cancer development and progression.
  • To highlight potential implications for thyroid cancer prevention, diagnosis, and therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on circadian clock mechanisms, insulin resistance, and thyroid cancer.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways connecting circadian disruption, metabolic alterations, and thyroid cancer.
  • Synthesis of evidence on the role of clock genes in thyroid nodule transformation.

Main Results:

  • Circadian clock disruption, associated with factors like shift work and poor diet, can lead to insulin resistance.
  • Insulin resistance is a known risk factor for thyroid cancer and can be exacerbated by hyperthyrotropinemia, potentially induced by sleep disturbances.
  • Several clock genes are deregulated in malignant thyroid nodules, suggesting a role in cancer development.

Conclusions:

  • Circadian clock dysfunction and associated insulin resistance are potential contributors to thyroid cancer.
  • Understanding these links may offer new avenues for thyroid cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and targeted therapies.
  • Further research into the molecular mechanisms is crucial for clinical applications.