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    This study introduces an active mode-locking optoelectronic oscillator (AML-OEO) to generate broadband microwave frequency comb (MFC) signals. This novel approach overcomes mode competition, enabling stable multi-mode oscillations for advanced signal generation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Microwave Engineering
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) are crucial for generating ultra-pure single-frequency microwave signals.
    • Conventional OEOs suffer from mode competition, limiting multi-mode oscillation capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate an active mode-locking optoelectronic oscillator (AML-OEO).
    • To generate broadband microwave frequency comb (MFC) signals using the AML-OEO.

    Main Methods:

    • Incorporating an additional intensity modulator for active mode-locking via loss modulation.
    • Achieving phase-locking between adjacent oscillation modes within the OEO.
    • Tuning the active modulation signal (AMS) frequency to establish fundamental and harmonic AML-OEOs.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated steady multi-mode oscillation, overcoming conventional OEO limitations.
    • Generated MFC signals with frequency spacings of 195 kHz (fundamental) and 50.115/100.035 MHz (harmonic).
    • Validated the effectiveness of active mode-locking for broadband MFC generation.

    Conclusions:

    • The AML-OEO provides a robust method for generating broadband MFC signals.
    • Active mode-locking effectively suppresses mode competition in OEOs.
    • This technique offers enhanced capabilities for microwave signal generation.