Chlorogenic Acid Enriched Green Coffee Ameliorated Renal Injury in Rats

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) during the treatment with gentamicin (GM) is very common in hospitalized patients. Green coffee bean, containing chlorogenic acid (CGA) has been reported to improve non communicable diseases. In the present study, CGA enriched fraction of green coffee bean was evaluated on GM induced nephrotoxicity in rats. It was a preclinical case-controlled experimental intervention conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, R G Kar Medical College, Kolkata, India from 2016-2019 using animal model. CGA content of green coffee bean extract (GCBE) was isolated and quantified by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) (6.426%). The rats were treated with GCBE at the dose of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg in gentamicin (GM) induced AKI for five consecutive days. At day 6, the renal function was assessed through analysing urine, blood and renal tissues. GCBE dose dependently and significantly (p<0.001) lowered blood urea, creatinine and potassium while, enhanced sodium compared to AKI control. Moreover, it showed significant elevation in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and reduction in lipid peroxides (p<0.001). It was suggested that chlorogenic acid of green coffee seed can protect kidney through down regulation of p53 transcription factor and thereby attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptotic process in renal tubules.