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Quantitative studies on menstrual blood loss in IUD users
A T Andrade1, E Pizarro Orchard
1Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
Contraception
|July 1, 1987
Summary
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) can cause heavy menstrual bleeding, particularly non-medicated types, potentially harming women with low iron stores. Progestogen-releasing IUDs are recommended for women with depleted iron, followed by copper IUDs.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Gynecology
- Contraception
Background:
- Excessive menstrual bleeding remains a primary complication of intrauterine device (IUD) use.
- IUDs may negatively impact women in developing countries with pre-existing low body iron stores.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of different IUD types on menstrual blood loss (MBL) and body iron stores.
- To establish a preference order for IUDs, especially for women with low iron status.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of mean menstrual blood loss (MBL) volumes across various IUD types (non-medicated, copper, progestogen-releasing) up to 24 months post-insertion.
- Assessment of body iron stores using serum ferritin levels, correlated with MBL volumes.
Main Results:
- Non-medicated IUDs significantly increase MBL (52-72 ml), while copper IUDs show moderate increases (30-40 ml).
- Progestogen-releasing IUDs lead to reduced MBL (9-13 ml at 12 months) and increased iron stores.
- Serum ferritin levels directly correlated with MBL volumes.
Conclusions:
- Progestogen-releasing IUDs are the preferred choice for women with low body iron stores.
- Copper IUDs are a secondary option, while non-medicated IUDs are not recommended for these women.
Keywords:
BiologyBleeding--analysisBleeding--changesContraceptionContraception TerminationContraceptive MethodsDiseasesExaminations And DiagnosesFamily PlanningHemic SystemIudIud, Copper ReleasingIud, Hormone ReleasingLaboratory Examinations And DiagnosesLaboratory ProceduresMenstrual CycleMenstruationPhysiologyReproductionSerum Iron LevelSigns And Symptoms