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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
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Related Experiment Video

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An Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Peptoids with Mixed Lysine-type/Arginine-type Monomers and Evaluation of Their Anti-leishmanial Activity
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Glycopeptides as Potential Interventions for COVID-19.

Desalegn Getnet Demsie1, Abadi Kahsu Gebre2, Ebrahim M Yimer3

  • 1Adigrat University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Adigrat, Ethiopia.

Biologics : Targets & Therapy
|October 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Glycopeptides and teicoplanin show promise in treating severe COVID-19 by inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication. These drugs, repurposed from antibacterial use, offer a potential intervention against the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Keywords:
COVID19SARS-COVSARS-COV2corona virusglycopeptides

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology and Drug Repurposing
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, primarily affects the pulmonary system and has led to a global health crisis.
  • Currently, no specific vaccine or antiviral treatment exists for COVID-19, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies.
  • Drug repurposing presents a viable approach to rapidly identify potential treatments for emerging viral infections like SARS-CoV-2.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the antiviral activity of glycopeptides against coronaviruses, with a specific focus on SARS-CoV-2.
  • To elucidate the potential mechanisms of action of glycopeptides in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2.
  • To explore the clinical applications and potential of glycopeptides as a therapeutic intervention for COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on glycopeptide activity against viral infections, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
  • Analysis of in vitro studies demonstrating the efficacy of glycopeptide derivatives and teicoplanin against SARS-CoV-2.
  • Examination of proposed molecular mechanisms, including inhibition of viral entry and polyprotein processing.

Main Results:

  • Glycopeptides, particularly aglycon derivatives and teicoplanin, exhibit significant in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2.
  • These compounds demonstrate low toxicity to human cell lines and inhibit viral entry and replication.
  • Teicoplanin has been associated with complete viral clearance in patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Glycopeptides and teicoplanin represent promising candidates for repurposing as antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2.
  • Their mechanism involves blocking key viral processes such as polyprotein processing, essential for viral replication.
  • Further clinical investigation is warranted to establish the efficacy and safety of these agents in treating COVID-19.