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Related Concept Videos

Drug Elimination: The Concept of Clearance01:06

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Drug elimination refers to removing drugs from the body, either through urine by the kidneys or through bile by the liver. Drug clearance is a pharmacokinetic parameter that measures the efficiency of drug removal from the bloodstream within a specific time frame. It is calculated as the rate at which a drug is eliminated from plasma divided by the plasma concentration of the drug.
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In Vitro Drug Screening Against All Life Cycle Stages of Trypanosoma cruzi Using Parasites Expressing β-galactosidase
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Onchocerciasis Elimination: Progress and Challenges.

Thomson Lakwo1, David Oguttu1, Tony Ukety2

  • 1Neglected Tropical Disease Control Program, Vector Control Division, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.

Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine
|October 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Onchocerciasis elimination efforts show progress globally, particularly in the Americas and Africa. Challenges like cross-border transmission and diagnostic tools require concerted action for successful eradication.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • * Parasitic diseases
  • * Tropical medicine
  • * Public health

Background:

  • * Onchocerciasis, caused by Onchocerca volvulus, is transmitted by black flies.
  • * Mass ivermectin treatment and vector control have significantly impacted the disease's global landscape.
  • * Elimination targets are set for the Americas (2022) and Africa (2030).

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the current global status of onchocerciasis elimination.
  • * To report on the progress made in combating the disease.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature search using PubMed and other relevant sources.
  • * Inclusion of English articles, abstracts, and reports.
  • * Review of studies on onchocerciasis control and elimination.

Main Results:

  • * Global onchocerciasis burden is decreasing, with elimination achieved in some regions.
  • * Significant progress reported in Central/South America and parts of Africa.
  • * Onchocerciasis is no longer a major public health concern in certain areas.

Conclusions:

  • * Onchocerciasis elimination is feasible but faces challenges.
  • * Key obstacles include cross-border transmission, diagnostic limitations, Loa loa co-endemicity, and workforce shortages.
  • * Sustained, concerted efforts with appropriate tools are crucial for overcoming these challenges.