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CRISPR/Cas: From Tumor Gene Editing to T Cell-Based Immunotherapy of Cancer

Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy1, Mobina Ghasemi1, Javad Khanali1

  • 1Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The CRISPR/Cas9 system offers precise genome editing for cancer therapy, targeting mutations and overcoming resistance. It also advances cancer immunotherapy by improving T cell therapies and understanding tumor-immune interactions.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy

Background:

  • Cancer arises from accumulated mutations activating oncogenes and inactivating tumor suppressors.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 is a highly accurate and specific genome editing tool.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 shows promise for targeted cancer genome editing and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Review novel applications of CRISPR genome editing in cancer.
  • Highlight CRISPR's role in overcoming cancer treatment hurdles like drug resistance.
  • Discuss CRISPR's impact on cancer immunotherapy and future prospects.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CRISPR/Cas9 applications in cancer research.
  • Analysis of CRISPR's role in target identification and prioritization.
  • Examination of CRISPR's contributions to cancer immunotherapy strategies.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 facilitates discovery, sorting, and prioritization of cancer targets.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 aids in overcoming epigenetic alterations and drug resistance.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 enhances cancer immunotherapy through CAR T cells, checkpoint inhibitors, and virotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 is a powerful tool for cancer genome editing and therapy.
  • CRISPR/Cas9 significantly advances cancer immunotherapy research.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and harness CRISPR's full potential in oncology.
Keywords:
CAR T cell therapyCRISPRcancer immunotherapycancer treatmentgene therapygenome-wide screening assaysoncolytic virotherapy

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