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Postproduction Processing of Electrospun Fibres for Tissue Engineering
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Electrospinning: Application and Prospects for Urologic Tissue Engineering.

Masoud Zamani1, Nasser Shakhssalim2, Seeram Ramakrishna3

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY, United States.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
|October 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Electrospun scaffolds show promise for tissue engineering of the urinary tract, offering a biomimetic matrix for bladder, urethra, and ureter reconstruction. This review explores their application and outcomes in preclinical studies.

Keywords:
biopolymerselectrospinningregenerationscaffoldureterurethraurinary bladderurinary tract

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Urology

Background:

  • Traditional urologic reconstructive surgeries are invasive, using autologous tissues with limitations like imperfect function and donor site morbidity.
  • Tissue engineering offers a promising alternative for reconstructing diseased urologic organs (bladder, urethra, ureter), but success has been limited.
  • Existing methods face challenges including complications from urine contact and insufficient tissue availability for extensive reconstructions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application and outcomes of electrospun scaffolds in tissue engineering for bladder, urethra, and ureter reconstruction.
  • To present the current status of tissue engineering for each specific urologic organ.
  • To summarize findings from preclinical (animal) studies utilizing electrospun scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospinning is highlighted as a primary method for producing nanofibers from diverse natural and synthetic biomaterials.
  • Electrospun scaffolds create a biomimetic, extracellular matrix-like structure that influences cell function.
  • The technique allows for the incorporation of drugs, biomolecules, and living cells, and can be integrated into hybrid constructs.

Main Results:

  • Electrospun scaffolds provide an ECM-like matrix, modulating cellular functions for tissue regeneration.
  • The versatility of electrospinning enables the creation of scaffolds with incorporated therapeutic agents and cells.
  • Preclinical studies have explored various electrospun scaffold designs for urologic tissue engineering applications.

Conclusions:

  • Electrospun scaffolds represent a significant advancement in urologic tissue engineering, offering biomimetic and versatile platforms.
  • Further research and development in electrospinning techniques and biomaterials are crucial for clinical translation.
  • These scaffolds hold potential for improving functional outcomes and reducing complications in reconstructive urology.