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SARS-CoV-2 infection in an infant with severe dilated cardiomyopathy

Aslak Widerøe Kristoffersen1, Per Kristian Knudsen2, Thomas Møller1

  • 1Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.

Cardiology in the Young
|October 29, 2020
PubMed

Insights

A young child with severe heart disease experienced a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. Close monitoring and specific treatments were crucial for managing her cardiac condition during the viral illness.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neonatal Care

Background:

  • Severe dilated cardiomyopathy in infants can result from neonatal enterovirus myocarditis.
  • Management of pediatric heart conditions often involves diuretics and inotropes like milrinone.
  • SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection presents unique challenges in immunocompromised or critically ill children.

Observation:

  • A 4.5-month-old infant with pre-existing severe dilated cardiomyopathy contracted SARS-CoV-2.
  • The child presented with high fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, indicative of a mild COVID-19 course.
  • Cardiac function, assessed via echocardiography, remained stable throughout the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Findings:

  • Despite a mild presentation of SARS-CoV-2, the infant required intensive monitoring.
  • Treatment focused on hemodynamic stability, including maintaining normal heart rate and fluid balance.
  • The underlying severe cardiac condition necessitated a compound treatment approach.

Implications:

  • Even mild SARS-CoV-2 infections necessitate careful management in children with severe underlying cardiac disease.
  • This case highlights the importance of integrated care for pediatric patients with complex comorbidities during viral outbreaks.
  • Close cardiac monitoring and tailored medical interventions are vital for preventing complications in vulnerable pediatric populations.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2dilated cardiomyopathyheart failureinfant

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