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Intelligence and creativity share a common cognitive and neural basis.

Emily Frith1, Daniel B Elbich1, Alexander P Christensen1

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Intelligence and creativity share significant cognitive and neural overlap. Brain networks predicting general intelligence and creative thinking show substantial overlap, particularly in executive control regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • The relationship between intelligence and creativity is debated: are they distinct or overlapping abilities?
  • Understanding shared cognitive and neural systems is crucial for cognitive science.
  • Previous research has not fully quantified the overlap in brain and behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the overlap between intelligence and creative cognition in brain and behavior.
  • To assess the contribution of intelligence facets and general intelligence to creative ability.
  • To model and compare whole-brain functional connectivity networks predicting intelligence and creativity.

Main Methods:

  • Combined machine learning on fMRI data with latent variable modeling of cognitive data.
  • Utilized structural equation modeling to analyze correlations between intelligence and creativity.
  • Employed connectome-based predictive modeling to identify overlapping brain networks.

Main Results:

  • Moderate to large correlations found between intelligence facets and creative ability (divergent thinking originality).
  • A large correlation (r = .63) observed between general intelligence and creative ability.
  • Functional brain networks predicting intelligence facets showed varying overlap with creativity networks, especially in the prefrontal cortex.

Conclusions:

  • A network predicting general intelligence shared 46% of functional connections with a creativity-predicting network.
  • Findings suggest intelligence and creative thinking rely on similar neural and cognitive systems.
  • The overlap highlights shared executive control and salience/ventral attention network involvement.