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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Tractable In Vivo Reprogramming of Tumor Cells to Type 1 Conventional Dendritic Cell-like Cells
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Dendritic Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment.

Karan Kohli1, Venu G Pillarisetty2

  • 1Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|October 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic cells (DCs), crucial antigen-presenting cells, initiate adaptive immunity by presenting antigens to lymphocytes. Tumor microenvironments can impair DC function, hindering effective anti-tumor immune responses.

Keywords:
Anti-tumor immunityAntigen-presenting cellsChemotaxisCytokinesDanger signalDendritic cellsDevelopmentImmunosuppressionLongevityLymph nodesMigrationSubsetsTertiary lymphoid organsToll-like receptorsTumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) vital for initiating adaptive immune responses.
  • DCs capture antigens at peripheral sites and migrate to lymph nodes to activate T and B cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss dendritic cell development and function.
  • To explore how tumor microenvironments impact DC development, function, and migration.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on dendritic cells.
  • Analysis of studies investigating DC interactions within tumor microenvironments.

Main Results:

  • DCs are heterogeneous, with distinct subsets possessing specialized functions.
  • Tumor microenvironments can suppress DC activity, leading to immune evasion.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding DC biology is crucial for developing effective immunotherapies.
  • Targeting DC function within the tumor microenvironment may enhance anti-tumor immunity.