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The Regulatory Function of CCR9+ Dendritic Cells in Inflammation and Autoimmunity

Manisha Pathak1, Girdhari Lal1

  • 1Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 30, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Chemokine receptor CCR9 directs immune cells to the gut and thymus. CCR9-expressing dendritic cells (DCs) play key roles in regulating inflammation and autoimmune diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chemokine receptor CCR9 is a G protein-coupled receptor found on immune cells like dendritic cells (DCs), CD4+ T cells, and B cells.
  • CCR9 guides immune cell migration along CCL25 gradients, with CCL25 primarily produced by gut and thymic epithelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the phenotypes, distributions, and interactions of CCR9-expressing DCs.
  • To elucidate the functions of CCR9+ DCs in immune regulation, inflammation, and autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CCR9 and CCL25.
  • Analysis of immune cell phenotypes and distribution.
  • Examination of DC interactions with other immune cells.

Main Results:

  • CCR9+ DCs are predominantly found in the gut lining and thymus.
  • These DCs are involved in regulating inflammation, food allergies, alloimmunity, and autoimmunity.
  • Interactions of CCR9+ DCs with lymphoid and myeloid cells are crucial for immune regulation.

Conclusions:

  • CCR9+ DCs are critical players in mucosal immunity and autoimmune responses.
  • Understanding CCR9+ DC functions offers insights into treating inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.

Keywords:
C-C chemokine receptor type 9 (CCR9)CCL25Foxp3+ Regulatory T cellsdendritic cell (DC)mucosal tolerance

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