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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
195
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

202
Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
202
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
192
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

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Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
140
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

202
IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
202
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

145
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
145

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Fully Endoscopic Mitral Valve Repair with Percutaneous Cannulation of Groin Vessels
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Early bioprosthesis failure in mitral valve replacement.

Yu-Ning Hu1, Wei-Ting Chang2, Jun-Neng Roan1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|October 30, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Early bioprosthesis failure can occur due to pannus formation. This case highlights restricted leaflets and pannus as causes of early mitral bioprosthesis failure, necessitating surgical intervention if symptoms persist.

Keywords:
bioprosthesis failurevalve repair/replacement

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Early bioprosthesis failure is a significant concern following valve replacement surgery.
  • Common causes include infective endocarditis, pannus formation, and structural valve deterioration.
  • Mitral valve replacement (MVR) aims to restore cardiac function but can be complicated by early failure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of early mitral bioprosthesis failure attributed to specific pathological mechanisms.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering early pannus formation in recurrent symptoms post-MVR.
  • To guide clinical management strategies for patients experiencing early bioprosthesis dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Case report detailing a patient with early mitral bioprosthesis failure.
  • Clinical and echocardiographic assessment to identify the cause of failure.
  • Surgical intervention to address the identified pathology.

Main Results:

  • The patient experienced early mitral bioprosthesis failure.
  • Failure was caused by restricted leaflets due to the subvalvular apparatus and early pannus formation.
  • Surgical intervention was performed to manage the complication.

Conclusions:

  • Early pannus formation and subvalvular restriction are critical considerations in early bioprosthesis failure.
  • Recurrent symptoms and mitral regurgitation post-MVR warrant anticipation of early pannus formation.
  • Persistent symptoms after medical management necessitate surgical evaluation for early bioprosthesis dysfunction.