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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Active particles exhibit motility-induced phase separation (MIPS).
  • Understanding the emergent structures and dynamics in MIPS is crucial for soft matter physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate new qualitative features of MIPS in two models of active particles with pairwise repulsion.
  • To analyze the structure, dynamics, and phenomenology of the resulting dense and gas phases.

Main Methods:

  • Simulation of two models of active particles with pairwise repulsion.
  • Analysis of the distribution and dynamics of gas bubbles within the dense phase.
  • Development and validation of a reduced bubble model to capture the observed phenomenology.

Main Results:

  • Dense phase of MIPS contains algebraically distributed gas bubbles up to a large cutoff scale.
  • At sufficient system size/density, microphase separation occurs with a finite bubble cutoff scale.
  • Anomalous ordering observed with distinct coarsening dynamics for dense and gas phases.
  • Self-organized critical phenomenology reproduced by the reduced bubble model, consistent with reverse Ostwald ripening.

Conclusions:

  • MIPS exhibits complex emergent structures and dynamics, including algebraically distributed gas bubbles.
  • The system can undergo microphase separation with a finite bubble scale under specific conditions.
  • A reduced bubble model effectively captures the self-organized critical behavior and reverse Ostwald ripening in MIPS.