Sporotrichosis in Mexico

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Infectious Diseases
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Sporotrichosis is an endemic mycosis caused by Sporothrix species, prevalent in Mexico.
• Recent decades show increased relevance of this fungal infection, with taxonomic revisions identifying new species like Sporothrix brasiliensis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a systematic review of sporotrichosis in Mexico.
• To analyze the epidemiology, geographic distribution, and diagnostic methods of sporotrichosis in Mexico from 1914 to 2019.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of epidemiological data, clinical presentations, and diagnostic approaches for sporotrichosis in Mexico.

Main Results:

• The lymphocutaneous form is the most common clinical presentation.
• Higher incidence observed in males aged 0-15, often linked to plant-related trauma.
• Conventional diagnostic methods are prevalent, with increasing use of molecular techniques for Sporothrix species identification.

Conclusions:

• Sporotrichosis remains a significant mycosis in Mexico, with distinct epidemiological and clinical patterns.
• Despite its prevalence, public information is scarce, and it's not a reportable disease in Mexico's national surveillance system.
• Further research and enhanced surveillance are needed due to limited data.