Lingual Linear Lesions: A Clinical Sign Strongly Suggestive of Severe Vitamin B₁₂ Deficiency

Lingual linear lesions (LLLs) are the oral linear lesions located on the dorsum, lateral borders, and/or ventral surface of tongue. It has been suggested that LLLs might be an early clinical sign of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency. Here, a retrospective study was conducted to further investigate and validate the association between LLL and vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.

Based on the clinical examination, patients with LLLs were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. Data regarding clinical and laboratory features were obtained. Follow-up was done at least 6 months following appropriate supplementation therapy.

A total of 57 patients, consisting of 20 males and 37 females with a mean age of 59.12 years (range, 18-80), were enrolled in this study. The hematological examination revealed that 56 (98.25%) of the 57 patients had severe serum vitamin B₁₂ deficiency, and the other 1 patient had a borderline low level of vitamin B₁₂ . All the enrolled patients responded well to cobalamin replacement therapy.

LLLs might be a clinical sign strongly suggestive of severe vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.