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[HIV prevention with PrEP: Challenges and prospects].

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Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectively prevents HIV infection for at-risk individuals. However, low uptake persists due to concerns about risk behaviors and drug resistance, widening the PrEP gap.

Keywords:
HIVMinorités sexuelles et de genrePre-exposure prophylaxisProphylaxie pré-expositionSexual and gender minoritiesVIH

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) involves antiretroviral drugs for HIV prevention in uninfected individuals at high risk.
  • Clinical trials confirm PrEP's efficacy in reducing HIV acquisition, leading to its approval in countries like France.
  • Despite proven effectiveness, PrEP uptake remains suboptimal globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the persistent gap between PrEP availability and uptake.
  • To explore ongoing research into long-term PrEP effects and new regimens.
  • To understand barriers to PrEP utilization, including concerns about sexual risk and drug resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data confirming PrEP efficacy.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to low PrEP uptake.
  • Examination of ongoing research into PrEP's long-term outcomes and technological advancements.

Main Results:

  • PrEP is a highly effective biomedical intervention for HIV prevention.
  • Significant concerns regarding increased sexual risk behaviors and drug resistance hinder PrEP adoption.
  • A substantial "PrEP gap" exists between those who could benefit and those currently using it.

Conclusions:

  • Despite its proven effectiveness, PrEP uptake is limited by user concerns and access issues.
  • Further research is needed to address barriers and expand access to PrEP.
  • Continued development of PrEP technologies and regimens is crucial for combating the HIV epidemic.