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COVID-19 infection prevalence in pediatric population: Etiology, clinical presentation, and outcome

Fahad Alsohime1, Mohamad-Hani Temsah1, Abdulrahman M Al-Nemri1

  • 1College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatric, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|October 31, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) poses risks, including spread by asymptomatic children. Early identification is crucial for managing child cases and controlling transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused significant global morbidity and mortality, primarily in adults.
  • SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) infections present unique risks in pediatric populations.
  • Children with asymptomatic infections can contribute to community spread among family members.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiology, clinical presentations, and outcomes of pediatric COVID-19.
  • To understand the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.
  • To highlight the implications of pediatric COVID-19 on public health and disease control.

Main Methods:

  • Focused literature search of published reports from December 1, 2019, to August 20, 2020.
  • Analysis of clinical data, risk factors, and outcomes in pediatric COVID-19 patients.
  • Review of emerging conditions like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).

Main Results:

  • Major risk factors for pediatric COVID-19 included close contact with infected family members, travel history, and residing in endemic areas.
  • Comorbidities like malignancy were observed in children requiring intensive care.
  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) emerged as a significant concern.
  • Neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 require optimized management strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Early identification of SARS-CoV-2 in children is vital for effective management and public health.
  • Understanding pediatric COVID-19 presentations and outcomes is essential for pandemic response.
  • Further research is needed to optimize care for neonates and children affected by COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19InfectionPediatricsSARS-CoV-2

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