Neurologic Symptoms Caused by Mature Cystic Teratoma of the Thymus

This case report describes an unusual presentation of a rare mature cystic teratoma of the thymus. It was indistinguishable from other anterior mediastinal masses without surgical resection and histologic diagnosis. Malignant thymic masses and mediastinal masses that cause compression of the heart and surrounding vessels have been reported to cause paresthesia. However, this case documents a mediastinal teratoma, specifically a benign thymic teratoma, that presented with symptoms of sensory dysfunction among other neurologic deficits. Complete surgical resection of the teratoma was performed without complications, and all symptoms resolved.