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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is the clinical practice of measuring specific drug levels in a patient's blood or body tissues to manage and optimize therapy. TDM is crucial for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, like warfarin and phenytoin, where incorrect doses can lead to treatment failure or severe side effects. This monitoring ensures the dosage administered is within a safe and effective range. The factors affecting therapeutic drug monitoring include:Patient-Specific Factors:a.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Related Experiment Video

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Tutankhamun's Antimalarial Drug for Covid-19.

Andrei P Sommer1, Horst-Dieter Försterling2, Katlin E Sommer3

  • 1Faculty of Science, ISRA University, Amman.

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|October 31, 2020
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Summary

Drug repositioning identifies new uses for approved drugs, including antimalarials for COVID-19 treatment. Thymoquinone, from Nigella sativa, serves as a model for developing new antiviral therapies against SARS-CoV-2.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Virology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Drug repositioning is crucial for identifying novel COVID-19 treatments.
  • Antimalarial drugs, targeting endosomal pH, were early candidates for SARS-CoV-2 therapy.
  • Thymoquinone, a natural compound from Nigella sativa, shows promise as an antiviral agent.

Discussion:

  • This study compares thymoquinone's antiviral mechanisms to conventional antimalarials.
  • A physicochemical model is developed to understand thymoquinone's interaction with SARS-CoV-2 and host cells.
  • The research explores thymoquinone's potential beyond its antimalarial properties.

Key Insights:

  • An irreducible parametric scheme is proposed for identifying potential COVID-19 drugs.
  • The study provides a generalizable framework for systematic drug selection and design.
  • Thymoquinone's historical context, including its presence in Tutankhamun's tomb, is examined.

Outlook:

  • The findings offer a novel approach to drug development for emerging viral infections.
  • The research may lead to more effective and targeted therapies for COVID-19.
  • Unexpectedly, the study suggests Tutankhamun may not have died from malaria.