Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

338
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
338
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

268
Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
268
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

186
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
186
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

111
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
111
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

181
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
181
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

167
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
167

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bedside Intussusception Diagnosis and Reduction: A Comprehensive Emergency Department Process for Bedside Intussusception Diagnosis and Reduction.

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open·2026
Same author

Beyond Size: Sonographic Trajectory as a Tool for Surveillance and Surgical Timing in Neonatal Ovarian Cysts - A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology·2026
Same author

War-related stress is associated with resting-state functional connectivity of cognitive control and sensory networks in children.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Innovative Protocol Optimization for Radiation Dose Reduction in Pediatric Head CT Scan.

European journal of radiology·2026
Same author

Intermediate-term oncological and functional outcomes of neoadjuvant 177-Lu-PSMA-I&T radionuclide treatment followed by radical prostatectomy.

World journal of urology·2026
Same author

Rapid Response to Trametinib Combined With Chemotherapy for Infant BRAF-Fused Chiasmatic Glioma.

Pediatric blood & cancer·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography
03:19

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography

Published on: June 21, 2024

1.8K

The Modified Bosniak Classification for Intermediate-Risk Renal Cysts in Children.

Michael Frumer1, Osnat Konen2, Mika Shapira Rootman2

  • 1Pediatric Urology Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.

Urology
|November 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The modified Bosniak classification system for renal cysts shows poor reliability among pediatric radiologists, potentially underestimating intermediate-risk lesions and complicating treatment decisions.

More Related Videos

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

9.1K
Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
04:37

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

Published on: April 25, 2025

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography
03:19

Author Spotlight: Developing a Bedside Protocol for Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasonography

Published on: June 21, 2024

1.8K
In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
09:31

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

Published on: March 30, 2015

9.1K
Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
04:37

Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis

Published on: April 25, 2025

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Renal Cyst Classification
  • Diagnostic Imaging Accuracy

Background:

  • The modified Bosniak classification system is used to categorize renal cysts based on imaging features.
  • Accurate classification is crucial for determining appropriate management, especially for intermediate-risk lesions.
  • Previous studies have focused on adult populations, with limited data on pediatric applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the correlation between radiologist-assigned modified Bosniak categories and histological findings in pediatric renal cysts.
  • To assess the inter-rater reliability of the modified Bosniak classification among pediatric radiologists.
  • To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the system for differentiating benign from intermediate-risk lesions in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with intermediate-risk complex renal cysts (2006-2019).
  • Four pediatric radiologists from two centers independently classified cyst complexity using the modified Bosniak system.
  • Histological results were used as the reference standard.
  • Diagnostic accuracy and inter-rater reliability (Krippendorff's α) were calculated.

Main Results:

  • Seven pediatric patients with intermediate-risk complex renal cysts were included.
  • Overall correct classification rate was 73.2% (41/56 readings).
  • Inter-rater reliability was poor, with Krippendorff's α = 0.08 for binary Bosniak categories (I-II vs III-IV).

Conclusions:

  • The modified Bosniak classification demonstrates significant underestimation of intermediate-risk in pediatric renal cysts.
  • Low inter-rater consistency among radiologists hinders its utility in guiding pediatric cyst management.
  • Clinicians should exercise caution when applying the modified Bosniak system to children due to reliability concerns.