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Hearing and Other Neurologic Problems.

Wendy Landier1, Richard J Cohn2, Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink3

  • 1Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Institute for Cancer Outcomes and Survivorship, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Avenue South, Lowder 500, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation can cause hearing loss (ototoxicity) and other nerve damage. This review covers management and surveillance for survivors to mitigate these lifelong side effects.

Keywords:
Antineoplastic therapyManagementMotor deficitsOtoprotectionOtotoxicityPeripheral neuropathySeizuresSurveillance

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Ototoxicology

Background:

  • Childhood cancer therapies, including chemotherapy (platinum, vinca alkaloids), cranial radiation, and certain medications (aminoglycosides, loop diuretics), can lead to significant ototoxicity and neurologic toxicities.
  • These treatment-related toxicities pose long-term challenges for cancer survivors, impacting their quality of life and functional status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of ototoxicity and other neurologic toxicities associated with childhood cancer treatment.
  • To discuss the challenges these toxicities present for survivors.
  • To outline current recommendations for surveillance and clinical management of these adverse effects in pediatric cancer survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ototoxicity and neurologic toxicities in pediatric cancer.
  • Analysis of treatment modalities and supportive care agents implicated in these toxicities.
  • Synthesis of current guidelines for surveillance and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Common therapeutic agents and interventions in pediatric cancer treatment are associated with a high risk of ototoxicity and neurologic damage.
  • These toxicities can manifest as hearing impairment, balance problems, and other neurological deficits, persisting long after treatment completion.
  • Effective surveillance and timely clinical management are crucial for mitigating the impact of these adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • Ototoxicity and neurologic toxicities are critical, often life-altering, adverse effects of childhood cancer treatment.
  • Long-term surveillance and proactive clinical management are essential for improving outcomes and quality of life for childhood cancer survivors.
  • Further research is needed to develop more targeted and less toxic treatment strategies.