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Related Experiment Video

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An Allele-specific Gene Expression Assay to Test the Functional Basis of Genetic Associations
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Testing a best practices risk result format to communicate genetic risks.

Kyle W Davis1, Debra L Roter2, Tara Schmidlen3

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Summary

An enriched genetic risk report format improved risk perception accuracy and reduced overestimations, benefiting individuals regardless of their numeracy skills. This suggests best practices enhance understanding of genetic risks.

Keywords:
Genomic riskHealth risk assessmentNumeracyPersonalized medicineRisk communicationRisk perception

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Risk Communication
  • Health Psychology
  • Personalized Medicine

Background:

  • Genetic risk reports are increasingly used in personalized medicine.
  • Effective communication of genetic risk information is crucial for informed decision-making.
  • Overestimation of genetic risks can lead to unnecessary anxiety and suboptimal health behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a genetic report format incorporating risk communication best practices.
  • To determine if this enhanced format reduces risk overestimations and modifies risk perceptions.
  • To assess the influence of numeracy on the effectiveness of the report format.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial with 470 adults from the Coriell Personalized Medicine Collaborative (CPMC).
  • Participants received hypothetical leukemia genetic risk results (relative risk 1.5 or 2.5) via a standard or enriched report format.
  • Online survey assessed numeracy, lifetime risk estimates (LRE), and feelings of risk.

Main Results:

  • The enriched report significantly reduced LRE overestimations (OR = 0.19) and lowered feelings of risk.
  • Higher numeracy was also associated with fewer LRE overestimations and lower risk perceptions.
  • No significant interaction was found between report format and numeracy.

Conclusions:

  • The enriched genetic risk report format enhances risk perception accuracy and lowers perceived risk.
  • These benefits were observed across different numeracy levels, indicating broad applicability.
  • Incorporating risk communication best practices into genetic reports is effective in improving risk understanding.