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Location and Setting of the Mars InSight Lander, Instruments, and Landing Site.

M Golombek1, N Williams1, N H Warner2

  • 1Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA.

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|November 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Precise landing site localization for the InSight spacecraft on Mars was achieved using high-resolution orbital imagery and digital elevation models. This enabled accurate mapping of the lander and its instruments within Elysium Planitia for enhanced scientific context.

Keywords:
InSightMarsMars landerlocationsurface location

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Area of Science:

  • Planetary Science
  • Geodesy
  • Spacecraft Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate spacecraft landing site localization is crucial for interpreting scientific data and understanding the Martian environment.
  • The InSight mission's geophysical and environmental sensors require precise location information for optimal data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the exact landing coordinates and orientation of the InSight spacecraft on Mars.
  • To establish the precise locations of scientific instruments relative to the lander and the Martian surface.
  • To provide a georeferenced context for InSight's scientific measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Georeferencing of a high-resolution orbital image (~30 cm/pixel) of the lander.
  • Hierarchical generation and coregistration of decreasing resolution orthoimages and digital elevation models.
  • Transformation of instrument and spacecraft frames into the established planetocentric coordinate system.

Main Results:

  • The InSight lander was precisely located at 4.502384°N, 135.623447°E, at an elevation of -2,613.426 m in Elysium Planitia.
  • Instrument locations and magnetometer orientation were accurately mapped in the cartographic frame.
  • Site topography revealed a shallow regional slope to the east and a limited horizon to the north due to local features.

Conclusions:

  • The established landing site localization and georeferencing provide essential context for InSight's scientific findings.
  • The alignment between the site and cartographic north was confirmed to be within 1°.
  • Precise localization enhances the scientific value of data collected by the InSight mission.