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Organic Composomes as Supramolecular Aptamers.

Tracey N Bell1, Keke Feng2, Gabriel Calvin1

  • 1Department of Biological Science and Integrative NanoScience Institute, Florida State University, Biology Unit 1, 89 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.

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|November 2, 2020
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Summary

Lipid mixtures, or composomes, can recognize specific molecules, similar to DNA aptamers. Changing surfactant concentration in the organic phase switched dye selectivity, demonstrating molecular recognition in complex lipid systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Biological polymers like DNA and proteins store information crucial for function.
  • Lipids are typically not considered information-carrying molecules.
  • Supramolecular perspective suggests lipids can form complex mixtures with high combinatorial diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if organic composomes can exhibit molecular recognition.
  • To explore selective partitioning of water-soluble dyes using a two-phase system.
  • To determine if lipid mixtures can mimic nucleic acid aptamer functions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a water/octanol two-phase system.
  • Investigated the effect of organic solutes and their combinations in the octanol phase.
  • Varied concentrations of cetyltrimethylamonium bromide (CTAB) and other organic components.
  • Employed directed evolution to optimize solute concentrations for selective partitioning.

Main Results:

  • A change in CTAB concentration in the octanol phase was sufficient to switch selectivity between Brilliant Blue FCF (red) and Allura Red AC (blue) dyes.
  • Low CTAB concentrations favored the red dye, while high concentrations favored the blue dye.
  • Optimized composomes with diverse organic components showed improved selective partitioning compared to pure CTAB solutions.

Conclusions:

  • Supramolecular composomes demonstrate molecular recognition capabilities.
  • Lipid-based systems can achieve selective partitioning analogous to nucleic acid aptamers.
  • This suggests a broader role for lipids in information processing and molecular recognition.