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Extracorporeal Hemoperfusion as a Potential Therapeutic Option for Severe COVID-19 patients; a Narrative Review

Saeid Safari1, Alireza Salimi2, Alireza Zali1

  • 1Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Comprehensive Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine
|November 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Severe COVID-19 can cause organ failure due to a cytokine storm. Extracorporeal hemoperfusion may help manage this inflammatory response by removing harmful mediators, potentially improving outcomes for critically ill patients.

Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) causes COVID-19, a global health emergency.
  • Severe COVID-19 is associated with respiratory failure, acute kidney injury, and multiple organ dysfunction.
  • Excessive inflammatory mediator production, or cytokine storm, contributes to poor prognosis in severe infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on extracorporeal hemoperfusion for cytokine storm syndrome (CSS).
  • To evaluate extracorporeal hemoperfusion as a potential therapy for severe COVID-19.
  • To explore the role of blood purification in managing inflammatory complications of viral respiratory illnesses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on extracorporeal hemoperfusion for CSS.
  • Analysis of previous experiences with blood purification in SARS and MERS.
  • Focus on extracorporeal hemoperfusion's application in severe COVID-19 cases.

Main Results:

  • Cytokine storm is a significant factor in severe COVID-19 complications.
  • Blood purification techniques have been used to manage CSS in other severe respiratory infections.
  • Extracorporeal hemoperfusion offers a potential mechanism to mitigate excessive inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Managing the cytokine storm is crucial for improving outcomes in severe COVID-19.
  • Extracorporeal hemoperfusion is a potential therapeutic strategy for CSS-associated conditions.
  • Further research is warranted to establish the efficacy of hemoperfusion in severe COVID-19.
Keywords:
AdultCOVID-19Respiratory Distress Syndromecytokine release syndromehemoperfusion

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