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Is foot deformity associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip?
Øvind Håberg1,2, Olav A Foss2,3, Østein Bjerkestrand Lian1,2
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kristiansund Hospital, Kristiansund, Norway.
Insights
Congenital foot deformities are a significant risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Early identification of foot deformities can aid in assessing DDH risk in newborns.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Pediatric Orthopedics
- Developmental Pediatrics
Background:
- Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common condition requiring early diagnosis and treatment.
- Congenital foot deformities are frequently observed in newborns.
- The relationship between congenital foot deformities and DDH risk requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if congenital foot deformity is a risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
Main Methods:
- A cohort study of 60,844 children born in Norway between 1996 and 2012.
- Children with risk factors for DDH, including foot deformity, were examined using ultrasound.
- Exclusion of children with syndromes to focus on the general population's risk.
Main Results:
- Overall, 0.8% of children had DDH and 1.9% had a foot deformity.
- Children with a foot deformity had a 4.3% incidence of DDH.
- A statistically significant association (p < 0.001) was found between foot deformity and DDH, with talipes calcaneovalgus and club foot showing the highest risk.
Conclusions:
- Congenital foot deformity is a true risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
- The findings suggest that foot deformities should be considered in the assessment of DDH risk.
- This highlights the importance of evaluating foot alignment in infants for potential hip abnormalities.
Aims:
To assess if congenital foot deformity is a risk factor for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).
Methods:
Between 1996 and 2012, 60,844 children were born in Sør-Trøndelag county in Norway. In this cohort study, children with risk factors for DDH were examined using ultrasound. The risk factors evaluated were clinical hip instability, breech delivery, a family history of DDH, a foot deformity, and some syndromes. As the aim of the study was to examine the risk for DDH and foot deformity in the general population, children with syndromes were excluded. The information has been prospectively registered and retrospectively analyzed.
Results:
Overall, 494 children (0.8%) had DDH, and 1,132 (1.9%) a foot deformity. Of the children with a foot deformity, 49 (4.3%) also demonstrated DDH. There was a statistically significant increased association between DDH and foot deformity (p < 0.001). The risk of DDH was highest for talipes calcaneovalgus (6.1%) and club foot (3.5%), whereas metatarsus adductus (1.5%) had a marginal increased risk of DDH.
Conclusion:
Compared with the general population, children with a congenital foot deformity had a significantly increased risk for DDH and therefore we regard foot deformity as a true risk factor for DDH. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(11):1582-1586.
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