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A soft ring oscillator.

Daniel J Preston1,2, Haihui Joy Jiang1,3, Vanessa Sanchez1,2,4

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

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This study presents a soft, pneumatic ring oscillator for coordinated actuator motion without electronics. This novel device simplifies soft robotics and fluidic applications by using instabilities for periodic actuation.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft robotics
  • Pneumatic systems
  • Elastomeric materials

Background:

  • Coordinated actuation of soft pneumatic actuators typically requires complex systems with multiple components, hard valves, and electronic controls.
  • Existing methods face challenges in achieving synchronized, periodic motion in soft systems efficiently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a soft, pneumatic ring oscillator capable of inducing temporally coordinated periodic motion in soft actuators.
  • To demonstrate a system that operates using a single, constant-pressure source, eliminating the need for hard valves and electronic controls.

Main Methods:

  • The core of the oscillator is a soft pneumatic inverter (Schmitt trigger) utilizing elastomeric buckling and snap-through instabilities.
  • An odd number of these inverters are connected in a loop to create a system-level instability.
  • Oscillation frequency is tunable by adjusting three system parameters.

Main Results:

  • The soft ring oscillator successfully generates multiple, temporally coordinated periodic outputs from a single pressure source.
  • The system demonstrates inherent instability-driven switching between "on" and "off" states.
  • Achieved synchronized periodic motion in soft actuators.

Conclusions:

  • The soft pneumatic ring oscillator offers a simplified, valve-less, and electronics-free approach for coordinated periodic actuation in soft systems.
  • This technology has potential applications in soft robotics, particle separation, and fluid metering.
  • The device leverages material instabilities for robust and tunable pneumatic control.