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The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

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Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 2, 2025

All-optical Mechanobiology Interrogation of Yes-associated Protein in Human Cancer and Normal Cells using a Multi-functional System
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All-optical Mechanobiology Interrogation of Yes-associated Protein in Human Cancer and Normal Cells using a Multi-functional System

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XIAP's Profile in Human Cancer.

Huailu Tu1, Max Costa1

  • 1Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, NY 10010, USA.

Biomolecules
|November 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) regulates cell death and is crucial in cancer. Targeting XIAP with anti-tumor drugs, including understanding RNA-XIAP interactions, offers promising cancer therapy strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research
  • Cell Death Signaling

Background:

  • The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is a key regulator of apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis.
  • XIAP dysregulation, particularly up-regulation, is implicated in cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy.
  • Understanding XIAP's multifaceted roles is critical for developing effective cancer treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental functions of XIAP.
  • To elucidate XIAP's regulatory role in cancer development and progression.
  • To discuss current anti-XIAP therapeutic strategies and emerging RNA-XIAP interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental and clinical studies on XIAP.
  • Analysis of XIAP's involvement in various cell death pathways.
Keywords:
XIAPapoptosiscancernon-coding RNAtherapeutics

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  • Synthesis of data on XIAP's role in oncogenesis and therapeutic targeting.

    • Main Results:

    • XIAP acts as a master regulator of cell survival and is frequently upregulated in cancers.
    • XIAP up-regulation contributes to increased cellular tolerance to DNA damage and inflammation.
    • RNA-XIAP interactions represent a novel regulatory mechanism in cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • XIAP is a critical target for anti-cancer drug development.
    • Targeting XIAP can overcome therapeutic resistance and improve cancer treatment outcomes.
    • Further research into RNA-XIAP interactions may reveal new therapeutic avenues.