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Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
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Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 2, 2025

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Daytime sleepiness among Midwestern firefighters.

Yihe Shi1, Bridget Bender2, Patricia McGovern1

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Summary

Firefighters experience excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) more than the general population due to inadequate sleep. This sleepiness increases with years on the job, alongside obesity, impacting firefighter health and safety.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common sleep disorder symptom.
  • Firefighters report high levels of EDS, but understanding is limited.
  • This study investigates EDS prevalence and risk factors in firefighters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of EDS in full-time firefighters.
  • To identify risk factors associated with EDS in this population.
  • To understand the relationship between job experience, EDS, and obesity.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was administered to 275 full-time firefighters.
  • The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was used to measure EDS.
  • Data collected included job characteristics, health history, and demographics.

Main Results:

  • Firefighters reported shorter sleep latencies and higher EDS than the general population.
  • EDS was associated with over five years of experience and depression.
  • Obesity and EDS prevalence increased with longer tenure.

Conclusions:

  • Excessive daytime sleepiness is prevalent among firefighters.
  • Increased job experience correlates with higher rates of obesity and EDS.
  • Addressing EDS is crucial for firefighter health and safety.