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Relational Factors in Pragmatic Skill Development: Deaf and Hard of Hearing Infants and Toddlers

Deborah Mood1,2, Amy Szarkowski3,4,5,2, Patrick J Brice6

  • 1Section of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; deborah.mood@childrenscolorado.org.

Pediatrics
|November 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study highlights relational factors crucial for pragmatic skill development in deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) infants and toddlers. Early intervention focusing on interaction, play, and social opportunities can significantly improve communication outcomes for DHH children.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Pragmatic language skills are essential for social communication.
  • Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) infants and toddlers face unique challenges in developing these skills.
  • Relational factors play a critical role in early communication development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review relational factors influencing pragmatic skill development in DHH infants and toddlers.
  • To offer prescriptive strategies for supporting DHH children's pragmatic abilities.
  • To emphasize the role of healthcare professionals in promoting these skills.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on relational factors and DHH child development.
  • Analysis of clinical experience in supporting DHH children.
  • Synthesis of findings to develop practical strategies.

Main Results:

  • Key relational factors include caregiver interaction, theory of mind development (via play and mental state language), and social interaction opportunities.
  • These factors uniquely contribute to pragmatic skill development in DHH infants and toddlers.
  • Effective strategies can be implemented by caregivers and professionals.

Conclusions:

  • Supporting relational factors is vital for enhancing pragmatic skills in DHH children.
  • Medical and allied health professionals should coach caregivers and facilitate support.
  • Early and targeted interventions improve long-term outcomes for DHH children.

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