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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
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Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
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Many proteins can be classified into two distinct subtypes - globular or fibrous. These two types differ in their shapes and solubilities.
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Rab Proteins01:14

Rab Proteins

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Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
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A Scalable, Cell-Based Method for the Functional Assessment of Ube3a Variants
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GBAF, a small BAF sub-complex with big implications: a systematic review.

Sarah M Innis1, Birgit Cabot2

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.

Epigenetics & Chromatin
|November 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The GBAF complex, a SWI/SNF chromatin remodeler, plays a key role in mammalian development and disease. Understanding GBAF function is vital for reproductive applications and developing new therapies.

Keywords:
Chromatin remodelingEmbryonic developmentEpigenetic modificationGene expressionNeurodevelopmentOncogenePluripotencyTumor suppressor

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers, including SWI/SNF family complexes, are essential for gene transcription and chromatin organization.
  • Distinct SWI/SNF complexes (BAF, PBAF, GBAF, esBAF, npBAF/nBAF) have implications in development and disease.
  • The GBAF subcomplex is increasingly recognized for its role in mammalian development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subcomplex GBAF and its subunits.
  • To highlight the involvement of GBAF in mammalian development and disease processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on GBAF complex and its subunits.
  • Analysis of GBAF's involvement in cellular differentiation, development, and disease.

Main Results:

  • GBAF complex and its components are linked to crucial events in mammalian development.
  • Aberrant expression of GBAF components is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • Knowledge of GBAF complex function is essential for advancing mammalian reproductive applications.
  • Understanding GBAF is crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions and strategies for related diseases.