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Methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus in community-acquired pneumonia: Risk factors and outcomes

Catia Cilloniz1, Cristina Dominedò2, Albert Gabarrús1

  • 1Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Biomedical Research Networking Centers in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES) Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

The Journal of Infection
|November 4, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is linked to worse patient outcomes and higher mortality compared to Streptococcus pneumoniae CAP. MSSA was identified as an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial cause of CAP.
  • Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) is an emerging pathogen in CAP, with less understood clinical implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of MSSA CAP.
  • To compare MSSA CAP with CAP caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
  • To identify MSSA as a potential independent predictor of mortality in CAP patients.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study utilizing prospectively collected data from adult CAP patients with a confirmed etiology.
  • Patients were categorized into MSSA CAP and pneumococcal CAP groups for comparative analysis.
  • Statistical methods included logistic regression to identify independent risk factors and mortality predictors.

Main Results:

  • S. aureus accounted for 6% of microbiologically-confirmed CAP cases, with MSSA in 52 patients (3% of all confirmed CAP).
  • Patients with MSSA CAP exhibited significantly higher 30-day mortality (21%) compared to pneumococcal CAP (7%).
  • MSSA was identified as an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality in the overall CAP cohort.

Conclusions:

  • MSSA CAP is associated with worse clinical outcomes and increased mortality compared to pneumococcal CAP.
  • Early identification and management of MSSA CAP are crucial due to its association with higher mortality.
  • MSSA should be considered a significant pathogen in CAP, contributing independently to patient mortality.
Keywords:
Community-acquired pneumoniaMethicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureusPneumonia

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