Authentification of fruit spirits using HS-SPME/GC-FID and OPLS methods
Tomáš Bajer1, Martin Hill2, Karel Ventura1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Scientific Reports
|November 4, 2020
Summary
This study accurately identifies the fruit origin of spirits using advanced analytical techniques. Gas chromatography and multivariate analysis successfully classified 63 fruit spirit samples by their specific fruit source.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Food Science
- Organic Chemistry
Background:
- Accurate determination of fruit spirit origin is crucial for quality control and authenticity.
- Volatile compounds significantly contribute to the characteristic aroma and flavor profiles of fruit spirits.
- Existing methods for fruit spirit authentication can be time-consuming and may lack comprehensive discriminatory power.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a robust analytical method for the precise classification of fruit spirits based on their fruit of origin.
- To investigate the potential of headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) for fruit spirit authentication.
- To apply multivariate statistical analysis for the differentiation and grouping of fruit spirits according to their botanical source.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 63 fruit spirit samples (apple, pear, plum, apricot, mirabelle) using headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME).
- Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) to obtain volatile profiles.
- Multivariate regression analysis, specifically orthogonal projections to latent structure (OPLS), for dimensionality reduction and classification.
- Hierarchical cluster analysis (Ward's method) to assess similarities in volatile profiles.
Main Results:
- HS-SPME-GC-FID successfully generated distinct volatile profiles for different fruit spirits.
- Orthogonal projections to latent structure (OPLS) analysis achieved complete separation of spirit groups based on fruit type.
- Classification demonstrated a specificity and sensitivity of 1.000 for each spirit category.
- Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed similarities between pome fruit spirits (apple, pear) and stone fruit spirits (plum, mirabelle).
Conclusions:
- The developed analytical approach using HS-SPME-GC-FID and OPLS provides a highly accurate and reliable method for determining the fruit origin of spirits.
- The method offers excellent discriminatory power, enabling precise classification of various fruit spirits.
- The findings support the use of volatile compound analysis as a key tool for ensuring the authenticity and quality of fruit spirits.
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