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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 2, 2025

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation
03:27

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation

Published on: January 31, 2025

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Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: experience in 100 cases.

Lei Feng1, Zhen You1, Junhe Gou2

  • 1Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Annals of Translational Medicine
|November 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) presents diagnostic challenges. Open cholecystectomy is preferred, often requiring conversion from laparoscopic procedures for this rare chronic cholecystitis presentation.

Keywords:
Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC)gallbladder, carcinoma, cholecystectomy, retrospective studies

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Last Updated: Dec 2, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Abdominal Surgery

Background:

  • Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare, severe form of chronic cholecystitis.
  • Characterized by xanthogranuloma, foam cells, and fibrosis, XGC complicates cholecystectomy.
  • This condition poses diagnostic and surgical challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical and imaging features of Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC).
  • To analyze treatment outcomes for XGC.
  • To optimize surgical strategies for XGC.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 100 XGC patients from 50,005 cholecystectomy specimens (2009-2018).
  • Collected data included clinical symptoms, demographics, imaging, operative records, and pathology.
  • Analyzed histopathology and postoperative complications.

Main Results:

  • Preoperative diagnosis of XGC was not achieved in any patients.
  • 52 patients underwent open cholecystectomy; 8 of 48 planned laparoscopic cholecystectomies were converted to open.
  • Intraoperative findings revealed complications like gallstones, fistulas, and abscesses; 2 cases suspected of gallbladder carcinoma were confirmed.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative diagnosis of Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is difficult.
  • Open cholecystectomy is the preferred surgical approach.
  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy often requires conversion to open surgery for XGC.